These samples belong to the same soil type and have been in corn-bean rotation for over 20 years, but their treatment was very different!!!.
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The land on the left has not been plowed or fertilized with anhydrous ammonia for more than 20 years and has benefited from a rye cover crop.

The land on the right was plowed annually and fertilized with anhydrous ammonia in the fall.

This photo was taken about 2 minutes after the samples were immersed in water.

The plowed land practically “exploded” as soon as it hit the water. Repeated plowing of the soil has destroyed its structure, removing interstitial space and the biological “glue” that helps hold the soil together, leading to its disintegration.

In contrast, with minimal soil disturbance, the no-tilled soil had excellent porosity and high biological activity, giving it a healthy structure that could withstand water shock.

In less than five minutes, the plowed land disappeared completely, while the unplowed land remained almost intact.

We wanted to see how long it would last and continued adding water (to compensate for evaporation) for several weeks.

We stopped after 6 weeks, during which time the no-till soil sample was still 95% intact.

Daily Factfinder

Meet Ebony Hilton, the first black female anesthesiologist at the Medical University of South Carolina since its opening in 1824. Graduating with triple majors in biochemistry, molecular biology, and inorganic chemistry, Ebony's journey to becoming a doctor was driven by a childhood promise to her mother.

#TrailblazingDoctor #BlackExcellence #MedicalMilestone #Anesthesiology

UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD'S FIRST BLACK WOMAN TRAIN ENGINEER
Edwina Justus (July 11, 1943) is a African-American trailblazer engineer who is best known for being Union Pacific's first black female train engineer.

At a young age, Edwina's role as a change-maker began when she became the first African-American girl to attend Brown Park School, and she was the only person of color in the entire school.

In search of better opportunities, Edwina applied for a job at Union Pacific. After her application was denied, she enrolled at the University of Nebraska at Omaha.

When she applied at Union Pacific for the second time, her application was a success. Justus began her career at U.P. in 1973 as a clerk at one of its Omaha facilities. Edwina Justus was one of five black women who worked in the Omaha office.

In 1976 she applied for an engineer opening in North Platte, Neb. She got the job and became UP’s first black female engineer at the age of 34. North Platte was a big operation. Union Pacific is the largest railroad in the United States. “When I received the offer in North Platte, Nebraska, my dad encouraged me to take it.”

However, the work environment wasn't supportive. Edwina endured racial slurs and the belief that she couldn't do good work as a woman. But she was not deterred. She used her wit and performance to excel in her career.

Justus worked 22 years before retiring in 1998. She hauled items such as livestock, automobiles and airplane wings to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Denver, Colorado, never taking for granted the beauty of a sunset or quiet night.

“Railroading isn’t easy, but I didn’t let anyone bully me and I always stood up for myself,” Justus said.

In 2018, Justus was honored in a Durham Museum exhibit. The exhibit shares the diverse experiences of 12 Nebraska women through time.

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Shannon Sharpe was an excellent tight end for the Denver Broncos and the Baltimore Ravens. An 8 time Pro Bowler, 5 time All Pro and 3 time Super Bowl champion, he was the first tight end to amass 10,000 receiving yards. Upon his retirement, Sharpe led all tight ends in receiptions, yards and touchdowns. Notorious for his sharp tongue on the field, that skill has served him well after his playing days as he has served as a TV analyst quite successfully. Sharpe was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2011.

#Excel #Educational

"Excellence is never an accident. It is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, and intelligent execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives - choice, not chance, determines your destiny."

- Aristotle

"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit." - Aristotle